Unlike
other Chassidic Teachings this is a systematic exposition of Rabbi Shneur Salman's
Philosophy. It deals with Jewish Spirituality and Kabbalah. The Basis of this work
deals with spiritual service of G'd with the background of Kabbalah and Hasidic
philosophy.
In Tanya are 5 levels of Divine Service:
The
completely righteous person (Zaddik) has transformed his animal soul to the point
that it is able to reach G'dly delight and disgust by all wordly pleasures.
The
incomplete Zaddik does not want evil that will be expresses externally even in
thought but a small amount of evil remains.
The average, intermediate
one possesses an animalistic soul with evil desire. He still manages to stay away
from sin in action which is a struggle. This struggle is between animalistic
soul and divine soul.
The incomplete rasha (evil man) sinned without doing
Tshuva while also doing good deeds.
The total rasha(wicked man) sins so
often that no action or speech is controlled by the divine soul. He is controlled
by the animalistic soul.
Likkutei Amarim was published without the
writers name in 1797. Later came additional writings of Rabbi Salman.
His
latest version of his work from 1814 has 5 parts:
Sefer ha Beinonim-
Book of the Average Men describing the union of a Jew with G'd through the Mitzvot.
With that man can reach the love and fear of G'd. It is an approach of Chabad
to gain emotional refinement through praying. Such a sensation must come from
intellectual understanding of the spiritual service.Chabad is a name and a short
version of 3 intellectual forces: Chochmah, Binad, Daat.
Shaar ha Ichud
veha Emuna- Gateway of Unity& Belief shows that even though creation is different
from creator they are a unit. Further it explains that all forces come from Gd
even though it seems that he uses different powers to create the world.
Iggeret
ha Tshuvah-Letters of Repentance)- Known as Tanya ha Katan describes Repentance
and that it can lead the repenting person to a more elevated place than before
sinning.
Iggeret ha Kodesh(Letter of Holiness) That Part was not published
till 1814 after Rabbi Salmans death. The book is a collection of letters that
he wrote to his students and communities where he dealt about the commandments
mystical aspects.
Kuntres Acharon- Last Thesis-This Book was also not
published till the Rabbis death. In the letters are his resolve of seeming controversies
in the jewish mystique. This work gets deeper into mystical matters.
His
first book is more concerned with divine service while others get more into Kabbalah.
Tanya
is also considered to be the written Torah of Hasidic Philosophy since it is the
first work of this philosophy in contrast of the Baal Shem Tov and the Maggid
of Mezrith. We can learn from here that all the Hasiduts teachings are extended
from Tanya.